Investment Banking

  Understanding how financial markets move is one of the most valuable skills an investor can develop. Whether you are a beginner entering the stock market or an experienced trader refining your strategy, understanding bull markets, bear markets, and market cycles can help you make smarter decisions, reduce emotional investing, and build long-term wealth. Introduction Financial markets move in cycles. Prices rise, optimism spreads, investors become confident, and economic growth accelerates. Eventually, markets cool down, uncertainty emerges, and prices decline. This natural rhythm creates what investors commonly refer to as bull markets and bear markets . These market phases are not random. They are influenced by economic trends, investor psychology, interest rates, corporate earnings, inflation, geopolitical events, and global sentiment. Understanding these cycles gives investors a strategic advantage because markets reward preparation far more than prediction. In this guide, we...

  An Initial Public Offering (IPO) is one of the biggest milestones for a company. It’s the moment when a private company opens its ownership to the public by selling shares for the first time. In simple terms, an IPO allows ordinary people to become part-owners of a company. In Nepal, IPOs have become extremely popular, especially among young investors using platforms like MeroShare. Many Nepali investors apply for IPOs hoping to gain long-term returns or listing gains once the company begins trading on the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE). Recently, Nepal’s IPO market has seen growing activity from hydropower, microfinance, and manufacturing companies. One notable example is SY Panel Nepal Limited , which received approval to issue shares to the public. Understanding IPOs in Simple Words Imagine a company is like a pizza shop owned by a few people. As the business grows, the owners may need more money to expand — maybe to build more shops, buy equipment, or reduce debt. Instead of bo...

Introduction Every morning in Nepal, millions of families begin their day with money earned thousands of kilometers away. From the Gulf countries to Malaysia, South Korea, Japan, Europe, and the United States, Nepali migrant workers send billions of rupees back home each year. These remittances have become one of the most important pillars of Nepal’s economy. For many households, remittance money pays for food, education, healthcare, housing, and small businesses. On a national level, it supports foreign currency reserves, strengthens banks, boosts consumption, and contributes heavily to Nepal’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). But while remittance has improved living standards for millions, it has also created economic dependence and raised concerns about Nepal’s long-term development strategy. What Is Remittance? Remittance is money sent by people working abroad to their families in their home country. In Nepal’s case, migrant workers send money through banks, money transfer serv...

  Nepal's Economy in Numbers: A Snapshot of Where We Stand Nepal is a small country, but our economy is something that affects all of us every day—like prices of food, school fees, or even job opportunities in the future. I’m not an expert or anything, but I tried to understand some basic numbers about our economy and what they mean for us. First, let’s talk about GDP (Gross Domestic Product). Nepal’s GDP is around $40 billion. That sounds like a huge number, but when we compare it to bigger countries, it’s actually quite small. GDP basically shows how much total money our country produces in goods and services. So yeah, we’re still developing. Now, per capita income (money per person) in Nepal is about $1,400 per year. That means many people are still earning quite little. This is why a lot of families struggle, and why so many Nepali people go abroad for work. Remittance (money sent from other countries) actually makes up a big part of our economy—around 20–25%! That’s kind of cr...

 The “Three Heads of the Dragon”: Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, and JPMorgan. If you start looking into global finance even a little bit, you’ll notice the same three names keep coming up: Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, and JPMorgan Chase. Some people call them the “three heads of the dragon.” It sounds kind of dramatic, but the more I read, the more it actually makes sense. These firms don’t just exist in the financial system—they seem to influence a lot of what happens in it. So I tried to understand what each of them actually does. So… what makes them such a big deal? All three operate at a really high level of finance—like billion-dollar deals, big investments, and advising major companies or even governments. But what I found interesting is that they don’t all do it the same way. Goldman Sachs: The Deal-Making Machine From what I understand, Goldman Sachs has this reputation for being super elite—like they’re always involved in the biggest and most complex deals. The...

Okay, so imagine this. Someone in your area (maybe even in Kathmandu) wants to start a small business, like a café or a clothing brand. They have a really tuff idea, and people might actually love it. But then reality hits… they don’t have enough money to actually start it properly. So now they’re stuck. They could try asking random people for money, but that’s awkward and doesn’t really work. This is kind of where investment banking comes in. Although I didn’t really understand it at first either. So what even is investment banking? Honestly, when I first heard the term, I thought it had something to do with normal banks like where you save money. But it’s actually pretty different. Investment banking is basically when big financial companies help businesses or governments get money and make important money decisions. That’s the simplest way I can explain it. They kind of act like a middle person between: • people who need money • and people who have money and want to inve...